Nepal the Himalaya country lies between People's Republic of China to the north and India to the south, east and west, located between the latitudes 26 ° 22' and 30 ° 27' N and longitudes 80 ° 40' and 88 ° 12' E. The rectangular shaped country occupies a total of 147,181 sq. km. The landscape of the landlocked country is surprisingly diverse, ranging from the humid Tarai in the south to the lofty Himalayas in the north. With the width of 193 km the elevation of Nepal rises from the plain Tarai to the tallest Himalayas. High mountains and wavy hills dominate the land by 83 per cent and the rest 17 per cent is the flat Tarai region. The altitude varies from 60 m above sea level in the Tarai to the highest peaks of the world including Mt. Everest 8848 m above sea level. Kathmandu the largest city of the country is the capital of Nepal. The other main cities include Biratnagar, Birgunj, Janakpur, Pokhara, Nepalgunj, Mahendranagar etc.

As the landscape of the country is diverse the climate of Nepal has a great deal of variation influenced by its elevation as well as by its location in a subtropical latitude, ranges from subtropical monsoon conditions in the Tarai, through a warm temperate climate between 4,000 and 7,000 feet in the mid-mountain region, to cool temperate conditions in the higher parts of mountains between 7,000 and 11,000 feet, to an Alpine climate at altitudes between 14,000 and 16,000 feet along the lower slopes of the Himalaya mountains. At altitudes above 16,000 feet the temperature is always below freezing and the surface covered by snow and ice.

The geography of Nepal is blessed with a number of small and large rivers. Three main river systems - Kosi, Gandaki and Karnali originate in the Himalayas, flow southward and empty into the Ganges. Nepal has been a habitat of different rare species of flora and fauna. In order to protect the fragile eco-system, Nepal has set up thirteen national parks and wildlife reserves in different parts of the country.

Nepal's population in 1981 census was 15,022,839 with a growth rate of less than 2 percent per annum and life expectancy at birth was close to fifty years. As of 2003 the population was estimated at 26,469,569 persons. The annual population growth rate increased from less than 2 percent during the 1950s to more than 2.6 percent in 2003, suggesting that despite a trend toward increasing acceptance of family planning, the program did not have much influence on reducing the population growth rate in the country. Well over half of the populations live in the hills and the rest live in the southern lowlands. Rate of literacy is 39 percent. The people of Nepal share a bond of cordon aspirations and faith in the independence and integrity of nation irrespective of religion, race, caste or tribe.